Improved steam-generator



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@tutti i @fr ses CARLILE MASON, O'F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

Letters .Patent No. 86,429, dated Februar/ry 2, `1869.

IIVIPROVED STEAM-GENERATOR.

The'cheule referred to in'these Lettere Patent and making part of thesame.

To all whom tima/ 1,1 con-cern:

Beit known that I, OARLILE MAsoN, of the city of Chicago, in the countyof'Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Steam-Generators; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof', referencebeing had to the .accompanying drawing, making a part of thisspecication, in which- Figure l is a side elevation;

Figure 2, a section of the same;

Figure 3, a side elevation of a modified form of boiler; and

Figure 4, a cross-section of the same.

The nature and object of my invention consist in providingsteam-generators or boilers of ordinary construction withcirculation-tubes or pipes, so that afrcc circulation ofthe water in theboiler will, at all times, be assured.

These pipes are not designed to be used directly. in the conversion of'water into steam, as they do not come in contact with the ire orsmoke-passages.

When a high 4degree of heat is applied to a boiler, the rapid conversionof water into steam frequently prevents the water from coming in closecontact with the heated portions, so that the platesare burned andweakened, which is one cause of the explosion of boilers; and it alsofrequently causes the gauges to indicate a higher stage of water than infact exists in the boiler, and thereby causes the engineer to mistakethe condition of his boiler. "Ihese ditliculties are remedied by theapplication of my improvements, as with them no portion of the boiler orheated surface can remain without being in close contact with the water,andthe gauges can never mislead the engineer as to the stage of water.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and'use my improvements, Iwill proceed to describe their coustruction, application, and operation.

A, B, and C represent, in g. 1, an Aordinary1ocomotive-boiler, providedwith fire-box, dues, and tubes, in the usual manner.y Y

'Ilo the outside of this boiler I attach the pipe E,at the water-line,by means ofthe sheet-pipes or openings I, oi which .there are enough toinsure a full and free passage ofthe water from the boiler into thepipe.

To this horizontal pipe, E, a vertical pipe, G, is attached, whichpasses down and 'enters into a crosspipe or cylinder, K', which isVcalled themud-pipe.

. I usually carry these pipes, G, nearly to the middle of the mud-pipeor cylinder It, to prevent aY short cut of the Water, and as K is muchlarger than G, time is given, in the passage of the water, for thesediment to be deposited. The watertheu passes from the cylinder K,through the pipe or opening L, into the pipe F, through lwhich it isdistributed, and is returned into the boiler at the bottom, by the shortconnecting-pipes J, so that the surface-water is returned to the bottomof the NW* l V boiler,/by its action` without retarding the steam in itspassage to the steam-space, or being retarded by it in passing d own tothe heated portions of the boiler.

I have described only one side of the boiler, but I usually applymysvstem of tubes to each side, as shown, when only single boilers areused, but when severalboilers are placed together in a battery, it willbe found more convenient to use but one tube, E, and locate that insideof each boiler, and let the water pass out at one or both ends, down tothe pipe F. In that case the pipe E will` be 'placed on the water-line,as before stated, and simply perforated, and the pipes G will be at theends instead of at the sides, shown. Figs. 3 and 4 show the applicationof the same devices to a different form of boiler-the ordinarycylindrical boiler withoru the encased iire-box-to which is added anextra l1eater,M, which takes the place of the pipe F oi'iig. l, fordischarging the water into the bottom otl the boiler.

Fresh water is introduced through the pipe H. The diameter of the pipesE, F, and G, as well as of the connections I and J, for afty-horse-power engine, will be six inches when double, and about inthat proportion as the capacity oi' the boiler is increased ordiminished. The size and capacity of the short tubes, openings, orconnections Il and J will, oi' course, depend somewhat upon the numbersused,

but should always equal the capacity of the pipes E and F. 4

I have found, by actual use, that this arrangement for securing acirculation, works admirably, increasing the safety of the boiler, andalso saving considerable fuel, as less force is required Yto force thesteam through the water into the steam-space, and its necessity is fullydemonstrated by the rapid passage of the water through the tubes andpassages.

A secondary advantage is, that the surface of the water in the 'boileris kept free from scum and dirt, the same being carried down into themud-pipe.

It is evident that, by discarding the 'mud-pipe, this system of pipescan be wholly located within the boiler,

but for convenience of attachment, access, and repairs,

(among other reasons,) I prefer to put them on the outside,'as shown.

Having thus fully described my invention,`

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The pipe E, located at the water-line and connected with the water inthe boiler, in combination with the pipe G, and pipe F connected with anopening into the bottom of the boiler, substantially as and for thepurposes specied.

OARLILE MASON. Witnesses:

E. A. WEST, L. L. BOND.

